Three scientists win the Nobel Prize in Medicine

This is a process of the immune system through which the body prevents unwanted or excessive immune responses against its own components (self-antigens) and harmless external elements (such as certain food substances or beneficial gut bacteria).

At 3:30 PM Bangladesh time on Monday, the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden announced the names of this year’s Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine.

The Nobel-winning scientists will receive a medal, a certificate, and a total of 11 million Swedish kronor. If there are multiple winners in a category, this amount is divided among them.

In the current market, this amount is equivalent to approximately 1.2 million US dollars, or about 146.1 million Bangladeshi taka.

Every year, the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden announces the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announces the Nobel Prizes in Physics and Chemistry.

The Nobel Prizes are awarded in the name of Swedish scientist Alfred Nobel, funded by the fortune he left behind. Alfred Nobel, a Swedish industrialist, was the inventor of dynamite. The prizes, among the most prestigious and valuable in the world, have been awarded since 1901, five years after his death.

Although Alfred Nobel's will specified five prize categories, economics was not one of them. The Prize in Economic Sciences was established later in 1968 through a special initiative by the Bank of Sweden (Sveriges Riksbank).